Air & turbo
Впускной коллектор
Distributes incoming air to the cylinders.
Bolted to the intake side of the cylinder head.
A plenum and runners distribute air; some engines add variable geometry or charge-air cooling.
A hallway leading to several rooms.
Air leaks, runner-control faults or deposits can cause uneven running or reduced performance.
Filters follow the vehicle service schedule; ducts and boost hardware are inspected for condition, sealing and operation.
A hose or filter is generally simpler to service than a turbo assembly. Access and diagnosis can dominate cost.
A BMW intake manifold may contain more than simple pipes, so its fitted hardware must be identified.
BMW combustion models; boost hardware applies to turbocharged engines only.
Та же система