Cooling & lubrication
Coolant radiator
Releases engine-coolant heat into outside air.
Behind the front grille in the cooling pack.
Hot coolant flows through tubes while fins and airflow transfer heat to the surroundings.
A large heat-spreading panel at the front of the car.
Coolant loss or overheating can involve leaks, airflow, pump output or thermostat operation.
Fluids use vehicle-specific schedules. Seals, pumps and heat exchangers depend on age, condition and operating history.
Simple seals and filters can be accessible; an integrated pump, buried housing or overheating damage can make repairs more involved.
A BMW can have several heat exchangers at its nose; not all are engine radiators.
BMW combustion models; additional coolant circuits also appear in hybrids and electric BMWs.
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